Light of Wisdom, Vol. 105

 

Table of Contents

Renovating Our Sanctuary

Teachings of Master Man Sang: Sutra of the Eight Realizations of Great Beings

Story From the Sutras: The Head Monk of Jinshan Monastery

Changing With Circumstances: Tasting Bitter Fruit

Cornucopia: A Heroic Mother

Dharma Transmitter: Master Mengcan on Venerating the Buddha

Dharma Q&A

 

Home

 

 

Renovating Our Sanctuary

By Dharma Master Yin Chi

            It has been fully 12 years since our Dharma center moved to its present site. Though our facilities looked fine on the surface, the air-conditioning system was flawed and problems often arose. It had reached a point that a thorough overhaul was necessary.

            At first we thought all we needed to do was improve the air-con system. As it turned out, changing the system would impact the overall power supply, and renovating the electricity grid would mean knocking down such structures as the false ceiling and internal walls. So fixing a single part affected the entire premises.

            It was early last year that we began planning the refurbishment of the Dharma center. But because the details were complicated and the costs substantial, there was delay after delay. Following the busy period around the Buddha’s Birthday this year, we had no choice, despite the scale of the task, but to decide on a complete renovation. At stake was the comfort and safety of the assembly.

            From the beginning of June, the Dharma center underwent nearly two months of comprehensive overhaul. Such a renovation is a bothersome matter, but the karmic conditions were such that it was also essential. Fortunately, Buddhist matters are supported by the Three Gems – as well as the collective resolve of Dharma practitioners and learners.

            To avoid disrupting the practice of the assembly and the courses they attended, all the center’s services and activities were held normally during the renovation period, though in different locations. That led to instructive experiences. Luckily, our volunteers divided up the work and cooperated fully and unstintingly.

            The renovation required not only raising a large amount of money, but also detailed planning. Appropriate arrangements had to be made regarding all manner of issues. For example, volunteers in the General Affairs Group had to determine and coordinate the planning. Beforehand they had to take care of the center’s material assets – organizing, packaging and assigning numbers to them, then storing them. They also had to arrange alternative sites for the regular activities. Attention had to be paid to locations, the handling of materials and personnel assignments. After each activity, things must be restored quickly to their original condition.

            Worth noting is that the location we rented as a temporary site for Dharma services was originally an uninviting place. It was an old, 1960s-style community hall. But after the thoughtful and dedicated efforts of our Decorations, Furnishings and Dharma Services groups, the dilapidated premises were transformed into an impressive Buddhist sanctuary. Attendees were fulsome in their praise and admiration for these volunteers, who had so skillfully turned what was run down into something splendid.

            It is not difficult for us to worship at the same Dharma center. Much harder is to generate a common resolve to support the center. Throughout the renovation process, Dharma masters, volunteer workers and members of the assembly all did their best to contribute. Some performed physical work, while others helped manage the overall project. Still others assisted with the moving, works inspection, cleaning and the return of objects to their original locations … With the common effort of the assembly, the first phase of the interior refurbishment is basically complete. In Buddhist terms, it was the result of a confluence of karmic factors. We had many aspirations for the project, hoping for the best in everything. But results often fall short of goals; it is enough that everyone did his or her best.

            This reminds me of a Buddhist story: A certain Dharma master was very fond of growing orchids. He nurtured many precious species with his own hands. One day, he had to go far away on business. He carefully briefed his disciples on how to care for his flowers.

            They were inexperienced, however. When their master returned, many of the orchids had wilted or shriveled. Worried that their teacher might get angry, they nonetheless had to tell him the truth. Yet the Dharma master said calmly, with a smile: “Orchids are for offering to the Buddha and for building character, not for getting angry about.”

            The monk’s words touched and enlightened his disciples. They actively helped him resuscitate the flowers. After a while the orchids began to bloom again. This story tells us that although things may not be perfect, so long as we try hard to improve them, both the results and the process will have edifying effects.

            We have only partially completed the interior portion of our renovation work. The building’s age means that for the safety of the assembly, we will also need to refurbish the external features carefully and in accordance with regulations. After receiving government approval, we expect to start the second phase of renovation, on the exterior. However, these works will not affect the Dharma center’s activities.

            We are announcing this to those of you who are concerned about the center, hoping you will continue to support our endeavor happily and with a willingness to contribute. May we complete together this worthy task of refurbishing our center and home of the Dharma. By resolving and acting to benefit ourselves as well as others, may we accomplish this Pure Land of the spirit amid the worldly environment of our home city.

top

 

 

TEACHINGS OF MASTER MAN SANG

 Sutra of the Eight Realizations of

Great Beings

 

 

            THE EIGHTH REALIZATION: To know that the inferno of life and death brings endless anguish and affliction. We must develop the Mahayana mind to deliver all beings. We are willing to bear untold suffering on their behalf, so they might experience ultimate joy.

 

 

            The inferno of life and death: The Sutra of the Eight Realizations of Great Beings says at the outset that life in this world is unsatisfactory, empty and impermanent, and that we have no unchanging selves. It also discusses the pitfalls associated with the five desires, teaching us to avoid desire and greed. It urges us to learn to be content with having little.

            This may gave the impression that Buddhism is very negative. In fact, it is not. The Dharma teaches us how to make choices in life. We should let go of that which harms ourselves and deceives others. If we allow ourselves to pursue our desires excessively, it would only bring us as well as others endless vexations and troubles. Only by abandoning our endless desires and learning to be content with little can we find peace of mind and body.

            Yet Buddhism teaches us not just to let go, but also proactively to assume responsibility. The Eighth Realization exhorts us to develop the Mahayana spirit of looking out for others and bearing their sufferings. To help sentient beings leave the ocean of suffering is to embody actively the Mahayana spirit of assuming responsibility.

            The Eighth Realization tells us that the inferno of life and death is linked to immeasurable suffering. In our lives, the greatest pain arises from deaths and departures. Some people think everything comes to an end with death, while others believe that dying is like a light going out. Yet others are convinced that heaven awaits us after death, or that once we have attained human form we will always retain it. In fact, all such beliefs are wrong.

            Buddhism teaches that it is karma that shapes life and death. What is karma? It is formed by our everyday actions. People who regularly perform good deeds will be reborn in the Fortunate Realms after they die, while those with predominantly negative actions will fall into the Three Wretched Realms.

            What determines our lot after we pass away? The ancients said, “For a person in debt, his biggest creditor has the greatest sway.” It means that when someone owes money to many people, the one to whom he owes the most is his biggest creditor; this person also has the greatest ability to demand repayment. So what happens to us after death is determined by the pull of whether our good deeds exceed our bad ones or otherwise.

            In accordance with the debt principle, those with strong positive karma will be reborn in the Three Fortunate Realms of the celestial and human domains, while those with heavy negative karma will fall into the Three Wretched Realms of animals, hungry ghosts and hell beings. Thus are we born, die and reborn.

            Ordinary beings know nothing after they die. Only Shakyamuni Buddha is aware of life’s truth and thoroughly knows that the cycle of rebirth is endless. The process of life and death is as agonizing as a live turtle shedding its shell. Thus are life and death said to be an inferno; to go through them is akin to suffering burns from a raging fire.

            The Lotus Sutra says, “There is no comfort in the Three Domains, which are like a house on fire.” Life’s course is full of terrible suffering. The Three Domains refer to the realms of desire, form and formlessness. From a human perspective, it means that our Saha world lacks comfort and security.

            Metaphorically speaking, it is like a house afire, full of peril and suffering – and thus fearsome. Yet sentient beings are like ignorant little children, who are so attached to playing in their rooms that they refuse to leave. Like a compassionate father, Shakyamuni Buddha cannot bear to allow beings to be consumed by the flames of suffering. He therefore appears in the world in human form to save them.

            We should know that the Buddha has forever escaped from the cycle of rebirth. So why do we say he was born and entered nirvana at the age of 80? In fact, the reason Shakyamuni Buddha was born in our world is to deliver sentient beings. Like the solicitous father who sees his children unwilling to leave their burning house because of their attachment to their games, he enters the edifice to rescue them.

            To be caught in the cycle of rebirth is like bobbing up and down in a sea of suffering. We bob upward when we luckily accumulate some good karma and ascend to the celestial realms, where we can enjoy ourselves. Suddenly, we sink back into the watery depths, as we create bad karma and become hell beings, hungry ghosts or animals. And so it goes for sentient beings: Suddenly we are in the celestial realms, enjoying heavenly pleasures; then we tumble into the hell domains, or  are reborn as cattle or horses.

            The Buddha has seen the pain of continued reincarnation. He has seen the birth, death and rebirth of sentient beings. Though they have experienced endless varieties of karma in this process, they remain ignorant of where they came from, or where they go after death. All the while, they remain attached to the illusion of life and death. They are indeed pitiful.

top

 

 

STORY FROM THE SUTRAS

The Head Monk of Jinshan Monastery

            When old Master Di was living at Jinshan Monastery, he served as reception official. One day a craftsman who mended old pots and pans arrived from his hometown. The man, a childhood playmate of his, said he wanted to become a monk and asked to be taken as his disciple.

            “No you can’t,” said Master Di. “You are too old to take monastic vows. Being over 40 and with no education, you naturally won’t be able to learn the scriptures. Nor would you be able to bear austere practices. Aren’t you looking for trouble by wishing to become a monk?”

            Old Master Di repeatedly tried to dissuade his visitor, but the man was set on his goal. Since they had known each other so long and were from the same town, Master Di reluctantly said, “If you really wish to be a monk, you must listen to me. Then I will accept you as my disciple.” The craftsman replied, “Of course. If I have accepted you as my master, I will naturally do whatever you say.”

            “Since you are too old to learn the texts, you should start practicing directly,” said Master Di. “Whatever you say,” responded his visitor, “so long as you let me become a monk.” Master Di told him, “There was an artisan who took monastic vows and achieved enlightenment! You should learn from him.” Said the man, “As long as you take me as your disciple, I will do whatever you say.”

            “After becoming a monk,” instructed Master Di, “you do not need to undertake the precepts. I will find a small temple for you. You don’t have to step outside its grounds. All you need do is to recite, ‘Namo Amitabha Buddha.’ When you become tired, you may rest. After resting you resume your recitation. Day or night, do not stop reciting. Ignore everything else, and only recite conscientiously. I will arrange for several people to support you and provide you with food.”

            At the time, Ningbo was full of Buddhists. Nearly every village had a small temple and people who believed in and honored the Buddha. Old Master Di was well-known and had many followers, and he asked people to take care of the matter. In teaching his new disciple how to practice, he had him undertake an expedient retreat. The novice had a small temple to himself, and every day an old woman would cook and bring him a couple of meals.

            In an early flush of enthusiasm, the disciple practiced diligently. He remained at the temple and recited for three, four years. A saying goes, “The first year after taking vows, the Buddha is before us. After three years, the Buddha is far away in the western heavens.” It means that people become lazy with the passage of time and grow slack in their practice.

            The disciple followed Master Di’s instructions. As soon as he awoke, he recited the name of Amitabha Buddha. Since he had been an artisan who carried things around, he had strong legs. He would recite while circumambulating an image of the Buddha. When he got tired, he sat down to recite. Even old Master Di did not know the progress of his recitation.

            The disciple recited in this manner for three or four years. One day he went out to call on a few local relatives and friends. When he returned, he told the old woman, “You don’t need to come here and cook tomorrow morning.” The woman thought he must have received an invitation to a meal, having just gone out.

            Next day the old lady kept thinking about the monk. When it was time to eat, she went to the little temple to see if he had returned. The temple held no valuables, so there was no fear of thieves and its doors were unlocked.

            “Has the Master returned from his meal?” the old woman asked. There was no answer. She went inside and saw him standing by the bed, facing the scene outside the window. In his hands was a string of beads.

            The old lady spoke to him but he did not reply. When she looked more closely, she saw that he had passed away! He had died while standing, doing his recitations. The old woman was stunned. She told people nearby, “The Master has passed away, in a standing position!” They flocked in to see for themselves.

            Later his lay supporters wrote to old Master Di, saying: “Your disciple passed away in a standing position!” Master Di arrived by boat the next day. The deceased remained standing for two or three days. Then Master Di made funeral arrangements and praised him: “Not bad! You have not wasted your time as a monk. Your achievement is rare!”

            So it was that Master Di’s disciple, the former craftsman who mended pots, died on his feet after having recited Amitabha Buddha’s name for three, four years. Old Master Di told this story twice. It is true, and enlightening indeed.

Excerpted from Lectures by Old Master Tanxu During Amitabha-Recitation Retreats

top

 

 

CHANGING WITH CIRCUMSTANCES

Tasting Bitter Fruit

By Ru Zang

            A fellow practitioner asked me recently why I retired so early. In fact, the thought of retirement had popped into my head back in 2003, when I was feeling mentally and physically tired and had to cope with a particular incident. But I did not follow through, as the conditions weren’t yet right and I wasn’t psychologically ready. Still, I made the important decision to swap my middle-level position for a basic-level job, and three years later to work part-time. I passed the baton gradually and allowed myself to adjust to the changes. During those seven years, my views on parenthood, schools and society all changed substantially.

            For many years I believed that a child is like a blank sheet of paper; early-stage education decided whether he or she is dyed black or white. Therefore the early years of education are the decisive stage in shaping a person’s views. My three decades of teaching had been spent with mentally disadvantaged children, with my main focus on training, teaching the younger classes and addressing parents’ complaints. Each student who started school at age 6 would take classes in physical education, through which I would teach them how to adapt to school life. That was the foundation of teacher-student relations for the next 12 years.

            Our goal was to turn a student, when he or she graduates at 18, into an independent, good citizen that the public will accept. Early on, our school introduced ethical and civic education to help students establish ethical perspectives and know their country. The discipline displayed by our pupils inside and outside school was praised by most parents. With close cooperation between school staff and parents, the great majority of students’ problems were resolved.

            Some staffers and parents occasionally questioned our approach, but we were able to continue because of support from the school. For many years, graduates would quickly come see me in the staff room when they returned to the school, or they would telephone to discuss difficulties they encountered while outside. It was an affirmation of my work over the years.

            In recent years, amid the climate of the fight for democracy, individual rights and freedom, parents began to intervene in the school’s administration and curriculum. They started to reject the established curriculum. They insisted on having their way, regardless of their children’s capabilities or of practicality. They wanted the school to switch to whatever they thought was right and best. Following their own beliefs, they ignored the broader interests of others. Sadder still, they allowed no room for compromise. Blindly they pushed their cause, nakedly and ignorantly pursuing personal interests under the cloak of justice and democracy.

            Some parents demanded that their children be allowed to develop freely. In the name of happy learning, they opposed any form of management in the classroom by teachers. In other words, they wanted their youngsters to be able to do whatever they wanted at school, without anyone stopping them. If regulations were infringed, offenders were not to receive punishment of a negative nature; they must be encouraged in a positive manner to change.

            In the system of rewards and punishments, most parents denied the effectiveness of reprimands and frequently lodged complaints against teachers. Cooperation and trust between parents and the school gradually eroded, as impractical and unreasonable demands grew.

            To avoid complaints, the school was obliged to bend, making concessions to protect itself. Teachers’ time and the school’s resources were exhausted. Most important, the worst damage was inflicted upon teachers’ dignity and enthusiasm for teaching, parent-school cooperation and the trust between people. Amid parents’ great self-satisfaction that their hopes had been realized and their children’s rights protected, the ethically and behaviorally immature youngsters were molded into a selfish and imperious new generation.

            At this point, does the situation seem familiar? A school, in fact, is a microcosm of our society; it reflects the realities of the larger community. As the public continually makes demands based on personal perspectives, with no room for compromise or backtracking, destructive seeds are planted. We begin to feel that this generation’s ethics and education are deteriorating, together with our social and economic environment.

            People insist that the problem “lies with you, you are in the wrong.” While investigating problems and determining responsibility, the focus is not on a fundamental solution or offering constructive ideas. Instead, there is a relentless battering, stopping only after heads have rolled. Before one issue is resolved, attention has already shifted to another. The bitter fruit is being harvested, creating even deeper resentments.

            The situation is beyond the capability of any single person to stop. Fortunately, I can choose to leave the scene. It was a difficult decision, departing from an environment I had helped create and loved deeply. But it was not a passive form of escapism. I retired early because there is a psychological haven where I can take refuge and accomplish something. While I am still in relatively good health, I hope actively to help Master Yin Chi propagate the Buddha’s teachings, so that the Dharma’s correct knowledge and views can transform hearts and minds. That is to tackle these problems at the root.

top

 

 

CORNUCOPIA

A Heroic Mother

            Not long ago Japanese satirical actor and director Takeshi Kitano received another international film award. His mother passed away a few years ago and he returned home for her funeral. He had never liked his mother, because she constantly asked him for money. If he failed to send cash home on a given month, she would phone to scold him. She was determined to get the money. The more famous he became, the more she would demand.

            Even so, Kitano wept when he got home. He had always been away, he thought, and never took care of his mother properly. Though she constantly demanded money, he still felt he had treated her badly.

            Just as Kitano was about to leave after the funeral, his elder brother handed him a small parcel and said, “Mother told me to be sure to give this to you.”

            Kitano carefully opened and packet and found a bank passbook and a letter. The account, which was in his name, contained tens of millions of yen. “Takeshi,” his mother wrote, “of my children I am most worried about you. From an early age, you never liked studying. You spend money recklessly and are too generous with friends. When you said you would go make your way in Tokyo, I worried that you would fall into dire straits and become destitute. So every month I unfailingly asked you to send money home. On one hand, that would spur you to earn more; at the same time, I could save money for you. I have not spent any of the cash you sent. Your elder brother and his family cared well for me. Your money is still yours. Now take it and spend it!”

            When he finished reading the letter, Kitano fell to the ground and wept. It was a long time before he could get up …

            Perhaps we have quarreled with our parents, using reason to rebut them. But we should learn to be tolerant and try to understand their viewpoint. Even if they are wrong, they are still our parents, who have worked hard to save money in hopes that we may have better lives. When our parents are still healthy, let us do what children should do, so we will not one day have regrets.

- From the internet

top

 

 

DHARMA TRANSMITTER

Master Mengcan on Venerating the Buddha

            When paying respects to the Buddha, we must mind our thoughts. It will not do to make prostrations irreverently or with pride in our hearts. My teacher instructed us not to use a couch, so when we prostrated ourselves, our heads knocked against the ground. Master Hongyi said that if we still put on airs while making reverences, our prostrations would be prideful.

            Another kind is fame-seeking. That is to say, I pay respects to the Buddha, but I want to have a good reputation in future. This is false practice, as it seeks fame and the praise of others. There are also prostrations of heart and mind. As we lower our heads to the ground, we are mindful at the same time. If we are not mindful, it is only our bodies that are paying respects. The effect is limited.

           Some people say that inside a Dharma center, we should not look straight at an image of the Buddha, believing that to be disrespectful. This is wrong, I explained at the time. If you are not attentive or mindful, then who is it that you are paying your respects to? This is the first point. You are not being sincere in your mind. Some people are mentally respectful but not physically so; others are the reverse. If you aren’t sincere mentally, you will fall into the second category.

            We must be respectful in both mind and body. Our minds should be focused, our mouths reciting the Buddha’s name and praising him, and our bodies should be prostrated, with head touching the ground. Our actions of body, mouth and mind would then be pure.

            There is a ritual in which we honor the Buddha with our wisdom. All impurities are expunged and wisdom issues forth. Though we are not saints, we can visualize along such lines. We can repeatedly recite a gatha from the Avatamsaka Sutra. This also implies paying our respects through wisdom.

            At a deeper level is a rite of reverence in which we enter the Dharma realm. This is the contemplative state of Bodhisattva Samantabhadra. We are paying respects to all Buddhas in the Dharma realm, who stand before us. Sometimes we are unable to do this, incapable of such deep contemplation. But if we can contemplate correctly and visualize the universal realm, we would be in harmony with it. Does the Observing Good and Evil Karma Sutra speak of the arising of correct contemplation?

            If we cannot achieve correct contemplation, we should at least be able to practice sincerely, to pay our respects with earnest heart and mind. When our minds are not sincere, it would be better to avoid paying respects. If our minds are earnest, our respects have no limits. But if we are mentally muddled or unfocused, or pay respects to the Buddha seeking fame of profit, the assistance and benefits we receive would be paltry indeed. This is not paying reverences with a sincere mind. We must earnestly focus our minds and not let it stray.

            If you wish to ask for something, however, you must make a resolution first. Facing an image of the Buddha, you should make your resolution even as you contemplate, saying something like, “Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha, please help me. Today I honor you.” Then you make known your request.

            As you undertake your reverences, contemplate with the greatest sincerity the sacred image of  the Bodhisattva. If there is no image, visualize that Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha has descended upon your head, or that Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara is already perched atop your crown. By contemplating and paying respects in this manner, the image will appear as soon as you make your resolution.

            The final expression of reverence is the rite of equality in ultimate reality, from the Observing Good and Evil Karma Sutra. I am the same as the Buddha or Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha; I am their equal. When I honor the Buddha, I am honoring myself – as when I am paying respects to all the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas.

            A certain longtime practitioner, having made reverences to the Buddha, would perform three prostrations to honor all sentient beings, including mice and insects. That’s because the Avatamsaka Sutra says all Buddhas and all sentient beings are equal. Wasn’t Bodhisattva Never Disparaging like that in the Lotus Sutra? Whenever he encountered sentient beings he would pay his respects, saying he dare not make light of them as they were all future Buddhas.

            This is the rite of equality in ultimate reality. It is not something ordinary beings can achieve right away. When you are making offerings and reverences, your contemplation must arise in your mind for there to be a convergence. If it doesn’t and you just bow your head and make offerings in a daze … If you only put down some flowers as an offering, that’s wouldn’t do. Please do not perform a prideful rite.

            Having listened to me, you might participate in other temples’ services or perform the penitence rite of Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha at Zhuangyan Monastery. Please do not put aside their prostration couches and say, “It’s what Master Mengcan told us to do. Otherwise, we would be performing prideful rites!” That would make me a scapegoat. You should just follow the practitioners there and think thus: Today, I am going along with the karmic circumstances.

            When I go there, I would also make my prostrations on a couch; I do so when I am asked occasionally to lead a Dharma service. If I kneel on the ground and make a grand prostration, everyone would doubtless stare at me and say I am behaving strangely. I would leave them with a bad impression.

            We should know that we must not use a prostration couch before a Buddha image in our own homes. It is also best to make large-scale prostrations. If we are healthy in both mind and body, we should do a hundred such prostrations a day. We could then eat an extra bowl of rice every day and enjoy good health. Our breath would also flow smoothly.

- Excerpted from the Concentrated Mind Forum

top

 

 

Dharma Q&A

By Ven. Yin Chi

            QUESTION: I have a couple of strange neighbors. One is a couple who like to collect scraps, and the other is an old woman who picks up discarded cardboard. The couple’s home is a veritable “mini-warehouse.” They don’t live there, but only store whatever they have gathered from the streets. Every time they open the door, we can see the impressive scene inside; smelly odors would drift out from time to time. In the recent days of summer, mosquitoes would breed and fly into our home, causing a nuisance.

            Since I am a Buddhist, I cannot use insect spray. My repeated reports to the concerned party produced no results. I have telephoned the government authorities for help, but have yet to receive any. What can I do?

            ANSWER: Living space is tight in Hong Kong and your situation is really quite irksome. All you can do is to make sure your own home is hygienic by cleaning with lots of antiseptic. It’s said that there are fermented cleansing formulas that act also as insect-repellents. You might try them.

            You could also recite the Great Compassion Mantra or the name of Amitabha Buddha to ease your mind, and dedicate the resulting merit to your neighbors and other sentient beings. At the same time, keep reporting to the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department in hopes of a timely and thorough resolution of the problem.

            QUESTION: I have maintained a vegetarian diet (including eggs and cheese) for many years. Though my weight has fallen from 115 pounds to 100 pounds, my health is much better than before. But after I recently underwent a hysterectomy, my family told me I could not eat eggs, beans or soy products for a month. Friends said I had to drink meat-based soups for nutrition.

            I am very reluctant to do this. Please tell me what diet post-hysterectomy vegetarians can adopt to restore their health.

            ANSWER: Many factors can cause weight loss, but it is all right so long as you are healthy. There are also many foods that vegetarians can consume to buttress their health. For example, beetroot is good for the blood and coral herbs are rich in gelatinous matter. It is hard to say whether abstention from eggs, beans and soy products for a month after a hysterectomy is a psychological issue or a substantive one. Western doctors don’t even apply any dietary restrictions.

            Therefore you should seek the advice of a nutritionist in a rational manner. I believe such a professional will be able to come up with a health-boosting vegetarian diet.

top